Scope of biofuel production from algae-derived biomass: A comprehensive review

  • Anjali Singh Department of Forensic Science, School of Applied Sciences, Chandigarh University Uttar Pradesh, Unnao-209859, India.
  • Harshit Kumar Sharma Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow Campus, Lucknow-226028, India.
  • Sakshi Rathore Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow Campus, Lucknow-226028, India.
  • Chitralekha Nag Dasgupta Research Cell, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow Campus, Lucknow-226028, India.

Abstract

Fossil fuel supplies are rapidly running out due to the world’s growing population and rising energy
sector needs. Fossil fuels release greenhouse gases, air pollution, and cause global warming,
which disrupt the ecosystem balance and puts human health at risk, it is important to utilize them
responsibly. This review article discusses various species of algae and cyanobacteria used to
produce solid, liquid and gaseous biofuels such as biodiesel, bioethanol, biohydrogen, biogas,
biochar etc. It also described yield, and the key factors influencing the conversion of biomass
into fuel. This review also outlines the various methods and processes applied to algal biomass
for fuel production, along with their respective advantages and limitations. Moreover, algal
biofuels show great potential in addressing both environmental and energy challenges by offering
carbon-neutral alternatives and serving as a valuable resource for large-scale biofuel production.

Keywords: Algae, Biomass, Biofuel, Harvesting, Photobioreactor

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